What is EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment)?
EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) is the use of academic principles in evaluating environmental impacts. To carry out various projects or activities which may affect natural resources Environmental quality Quality of human life Both directly and indirectly Through the process of social and community participation in order to determine preventive and corrective measures. Impacts that may result from the operation The main purpose of environmental impact assessment Focus on preventing potential negative environmental impacts. and focus on using natural resources for maximum benefit and sustainability
What are the steps in doing an EIA?
Environmental impact assessment steps (EIA: Environmental Impact Assessment)
- Evaluate projects or businesses.
- Prepare an environmental impact assessment report
- Consider environmental impact reports
- Monitor impacts that may occur from project implementation and find measures to prevent and correct them before impacts occur.
What types of projects require EIA?
Projects or activities that require EIA can be classified into 35 categories as follows:
- Mining according to the law on minerals
- petroleum development (Exploration by means of exploration/production drilling)
- Petrochemical industry with chemical production processes
- Petroleum refining industry
- Industry separates or converts natural gas.
- Petroleum and fuel pipeline transportation system
- Industrial estates according to the law on industrial estates or projects of the same nature or land allocation for industrial purposes.
- Chlor-alkaline industry (Chlor-alkaline industry) that uses sodium chloride (NaCl) as a raw material for production.
- Cement production industry
- Pulp industry
- The industry produces chemical fertilizers by chemical processes.
- Industry that produces active substances or substances used to prevent or eliminate pests of plants or animals using chemical processes.
- Sugar related industry
- Iron or steel industry
- Steel smelting or metal smelting industry (which is not the iron or steel industry)
- Spirits, alcohol, beer and wine brewing industry
- Waste quality adjustment factories include only waste or unused materials in accordance with the factory law.
- thermal power plant
- highway or road which has the meaning according to the law on highways that cut through designated areas.
- Expressway system according to the expressway law or a project that has the same characteristics as an expressway
- Rail-based mass transit systems (trains, electric trains)
- Reclamation of land in the sea to create land surface area in the sea
- Construction or expansion of buildings in the maritime area or zone
- warship dock cargo ship
- cruise ship pier
- Air transportation system project commercial airport
- Building according to the building control law.
- Integrated residential buildings according to building control laws.
- Allocating land for residential or commercial purposes according to the law on land allocation.
- Hospitals or nursing homes according to the law on nursing homes
- Hotels or vacation rentals according to hotel law
- Irrigation project
- Diversion of water across the basin
- Flood gate project in the main river
- All types of projects located in areas that the Cabinet has approved to designate as Class 1 watershed quality areas.
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